Tyre Wall Markings
The markings on a tyre sidewall may at first sight seem confusing, but once you know what you are looking for it contains a wealth of information. Each marking provides a vital piece of information about the specification of each tyre. This includes information such as the maximum speed the tyre can safely sustain; the loads it can carry and the safety standards it meets.
In short, the numbers and letters correspond to the exact size and specification of the tyre. This includes details of tyres construction, the speed rating and load index. The easiest way to explain the parts is by using a diagram:
- Width of the tyre in millimetres.
- Aspect ratio of the tyre This is the height of the tyre side wall as a percentage of the width. In this case it would be 55% of 205mm.
- Tyre construction type The letters will vary dependant on construction.
- Diameter of the tyre’s inner rim in inches.
- Load capacity This value corresponds with a load on the load index.
- Speed symbol indicating the maximum speed. This corresponds with a maximum speed in the speed rating table.
- European approval mark indicating the tyre quality has been tested and approved by the European Regulatory Authorities. It is now illegal to sell part worn tyres without an ‘e’ mark.
- “DOT” Code – indicates that tyres are compliant with the US Department of Transportation code.
- Age symbol denoting date of manufacture. It Is recommended that tyres over 6 years are replaced as rubber degrades over time.
- Direction of tyre rotation when fitted.
- Tyres are suitable for mud and snow (appears on applicable tyres only).
What is a speed rating?
A tyre’s speed rating is the maximum speed that the tyre can sustain at full load as is represented by a speed symbol on the tyre sidewall. Check your vehicle manufacturer handbook for the suitable tyre specification for your vehicle. Insurance can become void if the incorrect type is chosen.
What is a tyre load rating?
The load rating corresponds to the maximum load a tyre can safely carry. It is important to check the vehicle manufacturer handbook to find out what capacity should be put on your vehicle. Again, in some cases insurance can be void if the incorrect tyres are selected.
How can I be sure the tyres I am buying comply with safety standards?
The European regulatory authorities test tyre quality and any tyre which is passed as high quality is marked with and “E” number.
Also, check the tyre sidewall for a three to four digit manufactured date. Sometimes, tyres can be kept for a long period of time. If the tyre is over six years old, do not purchase or use, even if the tyre hasn't been used.
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